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  1. Saudi arabium is a based expense
  2. Saudi arabium is a camel herder slaughterhouse worker
  3. Saudi arabium is a characterized healthcar associ outbreak
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Saudi Arabium Full List Author Inform (e.g., available article -> Corona: Open Access Journal of Translational Medicine *Correspondence: m.tahirulqamar@webmail.hzau.edu.cn; safar.alqahtani@psau.edu.sa Muhammad Tahir ul Qamar, Saman Saleem and Usman Ali Ashfaq contributed equally to this study 1 College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People s Republic of China 2 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdul Aziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia Full list of author information is available at the end of the article Page 2 of 14Tahir ul Qamar et al.).
Mer Cov (e.g., circul saudi arabium dromedary camel -> Corona: Surveillance later revealed that three CoV species HCoV229E (229E), camel-HKU23, and MERS-CoV were co-circulating in Saudi Arabia dromedary camels.,  emerged saudi arabium -> Corona: In June 2012, MERS-CoV emerged in Saudi Arabia as the causative agent of a SARS-like respiratory disease (25).,  identified saudi arabium -> Corona: The cause of an ongoing epidemic of Middle East respiratory syndrome, MERS-CoV was first identified in Saudi Arabia in 2012 and to date has caused more than 2374 cases in 27 countries with a fatality rate >34% [3,4].).
X22 (e.g., declared saudi arabium -> Corona: The results of this study are in line with the previous published epidemiological studies,20 22 those which declared that Saudi Arabia had been the epicenter of MERS-CoV infection, and during the 8 years from the onset of this disease, this country had always ranked ?rst in aspect of the number of MERS cases and deaths related to MERS-CoV infection with >80% of global MERS-CoV burden among all the affected countries worldwide.).
Saudi Arabium Introduction Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (e.g., emerging pathogen -> Corona: Keywords: MERS-CoV, Knowledge, Attitude, Students, Saudi Arabia Introduction Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is an emerging pathogen with a pandemic potential and a noticeable epicenter in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (Khan et al., 2013).).
Mer Cov Infection Rst (e.g., emerged saudi arabium -> Corona: Ahmed / Journal of Infection and Public Health xxx (2019) xxx xxx Discussion Since the MERS-CoV infection ?rst emerged in Saudi Arabia in 2012, there has been no literature reporting patient and healthsystem del factors that from the M (diagnosis d which is in range: 2 7 April 3, 201 similarly to delays in M [6].).
Green (e.g., indicate saudi arabium 2018 isolate -> Corona: Red indicates South Korea 2018 isolates, blue indicates South Korea 2015 isolates, and green indicates Saudi Arabia 2017 isolates.).
X8 Different Country (e.g., isolate including saudi arabium alw82742 1 -> Corona: J Transl Med (2019) 17:362 Conservation analyses of selected epitopes Sequence of MERS-COV S protein from 8 different countries isolates including Saudi Arabia (ALW82742.1), Abu Dhabi (ASU90340.1), Jordan (ASY99842.1), Qatar (AHX71946.1), South Korea (AKL59401.1), Thailand (ALD51904.1), United Kingdom (AJD81440.1) and United State (AHZ58501.1) were subjected to multiplesequence-alignment through CLC workbench to analyse the conservation of chosen epitopes.).
Virus (e.g., located lineage locally endemic 2016 2017 saudi arabium -> Corona: In a phylogenetic analysis, the virus was located in a lineage of locally endemic 2016 and 2017 Saudi Arabia strains (lineage 5 in Figure 2) but was distinguished from 2015 South Korea strains.).
X5 (e.g., om saudi arabium -> Corona: ERS-CoV patients analyzed, 71.8% were male, 94% were om Saudi Arabia, and 30.5% were directly exposed to median diagnostic delay was 5 days (interquartile [IQR]espiratory syndrome coronavirus patients and health days), median patient delay was 4 days (IQR range: 2 7 edian health-system delay was 2 days (IQR range: 1 2 de RR for various delays of MERS-CoV diagnosis is Table 2.).
Mer (e.g., outbreak saudi arabium -> Corona: Management The understanding of CoV has evolved over time, from that of a simple virus causing flu-like symptoms in 1960, to its identification as a more serious virus causing SARS in 2002 to 2003, and finally to that of a severe threat that caused the MERS outbreak in Saudi Arabia in 2012.7 To date, the main management strategy in MERSCoV is administration of antipyretics and analgesics, maintenance of hydration, and respiratory support via mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.).
Health Condition (e.g., prevalent saudi arabium 34 -> Corona: However, the decision to discharge those patients could increase the risk of MERS-CoV transmission outside the hospital, particularly to those at higher risk, such as immunocompromised patients with diabetes and other health conditions prevalent in Saudi Arabia.34 This is concerning given that approximately 46% of the cases were exposed to a MERS case within the past 2 weeks prior to their admission.).
Case (e.g., reported saudi arabium -> Corona: Our findings in Table 2 and Fig. 2 show that most cases are reported from Saudi Arabia after about 7 years since the start of MERS-CoV pandemic (June 2012 to January 17, 2018).).
X4 Laboratori Confirm Case Mer Cov Infection (e.g., reported saudi arabium -> Corona: In August 2018, eight laboratory-confirmed cases of MERS-CoV infection were reported in Saudi Arabia, with 4 associated deaths; 1 case in a person who had travel history to the Arabian Peninsula was reported in the United Kingdom (4).).
Exposure Demographic Mer Case (e.g., reported saudi arabium ministry health -> Corona: We characterized exposures and demographics of MERS cases reported to the Saudi Arabia Ministry of Health during July 1 October 31, 2017, and June 1 September 16, 2018, and performed molecular characterization of available specimens to describe circulating viruses during these periods.).
Exposure Demographic Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (e.g., reported saudi arabium ministry health -> Corona: Watson) DOI: https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2511.190726 We characterized exposures and demographics of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus cases reported to the Saudi Arabia Ministry of Health during July 1 October 31, 2017, and June 1 September 16, 2018.).
X2012 Highest Incidence (e.g., saudi arabium -> Corona: Chandrasekhar Nair, R. Hashmey Tawam hospital Introduction: MERS-CoV was ?rst identi?ed in 2012 and highest incidence was in Saudi Arabia, followed by Republic of Korea and UAE.).
X27 (e.g., saudi arabium -> Corona: Prevalence of MERS-CoV During the MERS-CoV outbreak, cases of MERS-CoV infection were reported in 27 countries, among which 12 were located in the Eastern Mediterranean region.11 Although this virus spread throughout the Middle East, most confirmed cases (n 1882) were in Saudi Arabia with 729 deaths, comprising a fatality rate of 38.7%.11 Cases outside the Middle East most often occurred among travelers who had visited the region.).).

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  1. Corona: These estimates include only the cost of inpatient MERS cases management and do not consider the costs associated with the implementation of infection control policies that were implemented right after the MERS-CoV outbreak, such as the cost of shutting down certain hospital wards.3 Moreover, it must be acknowledged that projected cost estimates in managing MERS cases in Saudi Arabia were based on expenses incurred for 24 MERS cases only and do not represent the diverse cases of MERS in the country.
    Saudi arabium isa based expense.
    Derived fact.
    Saudi_arabium_isa_based_expense

  2. Corona: This risk profile has been confirmed by studies in Saudi Arabia where camel herders and slaughterhouse workers were much more likely than the general population to either have serologic evidence of past exposure to MERS-CoV or develop MERS [20,26].
    Saudi arabium isa camel herder slaughterhouse worker.
    Derived fact.
    Saudi_arabium_isa_camel_herder_slaughterhouse_worker

  3. Corona: Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus (MERS-CoV) epidemiology in Saudi Arabia is characterized by healthcare-associated outbreaks (1,2), occasional household-contact transmission (3), and sporadic cases without apparent links to other known cases (4,5).
    Saudi arabium isa characterized healthcar associ outbreak.
    Derived fact.
    Saudi_arabium_isa_characterized_healthcar_associ_outbreak

  4. Corona: In fact, Saudi Arabia is still the epicenter of this infection worldwide.
    Saudi arabium isa epicenter infection worldwide.
    Derived fact.
    Saudi_arabium_isa_epicenter_infection_worldwide

  5. Corona: Unlike untries, Saudi Arabia has experienced multiple mersaks, and the majority (83%) of cases reported were from ia (WHO, 2018).
    Saudi arabium isa experi multiple mersak.
    Derived fact.
    Saudi_arabium_isa_experi_multiple_mersak

  6. Corona: The population of developing countries such as Saudi Arabia is facing a serious health threat from MERS-COV virus, and there is an urgent need for corresponding therapies and preventative measures.
    Saudi arabium isa facing health threat.
    Derived fact.
    Saudi_arabium_isa_facing_health_threat

  7. Corona: This figure also indicates that Riyadh, Buridah and Jeddah in Saudi Arabia had the highest number of deaths in comparison to Mobaraki and Ahmadzadeh BMC Infectious Diseases (2019) 19:351 Page 2 of 5 other cities in different countries.
    Saudi arabium isa highest number death.
    Derived fact.
    Saudi_arabium_isa_highest_number_death

  8. Corona: Notably, the mismanagement of MERS epidemic in Saudi Arabia was highlighted in the press.36 Conclusion The ?ndings of this study highlight the enormous expenses incurred by the Saudi health system due to the MERSCoVoutbreak.
    Saudi arabium isa highlight press.
    Derived fact.
    Saudi_arabium_isa_highlight_press

  9. Corona: In this study, we investigated the possible carriage of other non-MERS CoVs in imported camels into Saudi Arabia which is a major importer of dromedary camels from Africa.
    Saudi arabium isa imported dromedary camel.
    Derived fact.
    Saudi_arabium_isa_imported_dromedary_camel

  10. Corona: Increase in Middle East respiratory syndrome-coronavirus cases in Saudi Arabia linked to hospital outbreak with continued circulation of recombinant virus, July 1 August 31, 2015.
    Saudi arabium isa linked hospital outbreak.
    Derived fact.
    Saudi_arabium_isa_linked_hospital_outbreak

  11. Corona: Solely Saudi Arabia were reported major figures of 1888 cases and 730 deaths [3].
    Saudi arabium isa reported figure 1888 case.
    Derived fact.
    Saudi_arabium_isa_reported_figure_1888_case

  12. Corona: HCoVs are associated with a number of respiratory diseases including common cold, pneumonia, and bronchitis.1,2 Investigations have identified four genera of coronavirus: alpha, beta, gamma, and delta CoVs; each subgroup has serotypes that have been found to affect animals or humans.3 HCoVs can result in life-threatening respiratory diseases, such as bronchiolitis, and may also cause enteric and neurologic diseases, especially in immunocompromised adults, children, elderly people, and pregnant women.4 In 1960, CoV was first identified as a cause of the common cold.3 6 Beginning in 2002, an outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) affected more than 1000 patients, primarily in several countries of Asia, with a high mortality rate.3 6 The first case of MERS-CoV infection in Saudi Arabia was reported on june 13, 2012 in the city of Jeddah.3 7 Cases of MERS-CoV infection were subsequently reported in nearly every region of Saudi Arabia; however, the most commonly affected cities were Jeddah, Makkah, Riyadh, and Al-Hassa.7 The outbreak of MERS-CoV infection in Saudi Arabia resulted in many infected individuals and deaths.
    Saudi arabium isa reported june 6 1000.
    Derived fact.
    Saudi_arabium_isa_reported_june_1000

  13. Corona: Most of the cases reported in Saudi Arabia were from riyadh (71.9%) and in Oman 8.4% from North Al-Batinah (Figure 2).
    Saudi arabium isa riyadh.
    Derived fact.
    Saudi_arabium_isa_riyadh

  14. Corona: The continually reported MERS-CoV ccasional clusters observed in Saudi Arabia despite the ely due to repeated external re-introduction of the virus s. ease of community-acquired cases of MERS-CoV infecn the period between March-May in Saudi Arabia may to a seasonal factor in community-based transmission d to exposure to camels [29].
    Saudi arabium isa seasonal factor.
    Derived fact.
    Saudi_arabium_isa_seasonal_factor

  15. Corona: Introduction Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), a novel human coronavirus (Figure 1A), emerged in Saudi Arabia in 2012 [1], rapidly spread wordwide, and caused continuous outbreaks with significant mortality and morbidity [2,3].
    Saudi arabium isa spread wordwide.
    Derived fact.
    Saudi_arabium_isa_spread_wordwide

  16. Corona: This clade included a sequence from a 2018 case-patient from Saudi Arabia who traveled to the united kingdom.
    Saudi arabium isa traveled united kingdom.
    Derived fact.
    Saudi_arabium_isa_traveled_united_kingdom

  17. Corona: This possible seasonal human MERS-CoV cases corresponds to the end of the son (December February) for camels in Saudi Arabia lso corresponds to the weaning season when camels of milk at 12 16 months of age.
    Saudi arabium isa weaning seasonal.
    Derived fact.
    Saudi_arabium_isa_weaning_seasonal

  18. ConceptNet: Saudi arabia is a country
    Saudi arabium isa country.
    Derived fact

  19. ConceptNet: Saudi arabia is a world large oil export
    Saudi arabium isa world large oil export.
    Derived fact

  20. ConceptNet: Saudi arabia is a muslim state
    Saudi arabium isa muslim state.
    Derived fact

  21. Corona: Open Access Journal of Translational Medicine *Correspondence: m.tahirulqamar@webmail.hzau.edu.cn; safar.alqahtani@psau.edu.sa Muhammad Tahir ul Qamar, Saman Saleem and Usman Ali Ashfaq contributed equally to this study 1 College of informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People s Republic of China 2 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdul Aziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia full list of author information is available at the end of the article Page 2 of 14Tahir ul Qamar et al.
    Saudi arabium full list author inform isa available article.
    Derived fact.
    Saudi_arabium_full_list_author_inform_isa_article

  22. Corona: Phylogenetic tree of MERS-CoV whole-genome sequences obtained in Saudi Arabia (black dots) compared with 472 previously published human and camel genome sequences from GenBank.
    Saudi arabium black dot isa camel genome sequence.
    Derived fact.
    Saudi_arabium_black_dot_isa_camel_genome_sequence

  23. Corona: Surveillance later revealed that three cov species Hcov229E (229E), camel-HKU23, and MerS-cov were co-circulating in saudi Arabia dromedary camels.
    Mer cov isa circul saudi arabium dromedary camel.
    Derived fact.
    Mer_cov_isa_circul_saudi_arabium_dromedary_camel

  24. Corona: Ws) and non-health care workers (Non?HCWs). (n = 178) Non-HCWs (n = 396) p-Value**respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in Saudi n iqr* median iqr* 6 21 15 6 31 0.023 0 5 3 1 6 0.001 Please cit Arabia.
    Saudi iqr median iqr 6 21 15 isa cit arabium.
    Derived fact.
    Saudi_iqr_median_isa_cit_arabium

  25. Corona: The occurrence of a large number of MERS-CoV cases and their associated deaths in the world indicate that this disease must be considered as a severe threat to public health [13] because millions of pilgrims from 184 countries converge in saudi Arabia each year to perform Hajj and Umrah ceremony.
    X184 country isa converge saudi arabium.
    Derived fact.
    X184_country_isa_converge_saudi_arabium

  26. Corona: The results of this study are in line with the previous published epidemiological studies,20 22 those which declared that saudi Arabia had been the epicenter of MERS-CoV infection, and during the 8 years from the onset of this disease, this country had always ranked ?rst in aspect of the number of MERS cases and deaths related to MERS-CoV infection with >80% of global MERS-CoV burden among all the affected countries worldwide.
    X22 isa declared saudi arabium.
    Derived fact.
    X22_isa_declared_saudi_arabium

  27. Corona: Keywords: MERS-CoV, Knowledge, Attitude, Students, Saudi Arabia introduction middle east respiratory syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is an emerging pathogen with a pandemic potential and a noticeable epicenter in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (Khan et al., 2013).
    Saudi arabium introduction middle east respiratory syndrome isa emerging pathogen.
    Derived fact.
    Saudi_arabium_introduction_middle_east_respiratory_syndrome_isa_emerging_pathogen

  28. Corona: In June 2012, MerS-cov eMerged in saudi Arabia as the causative agent of a SARS-like respiratory disease (25).
    Mer cov isa emerged saudi arabium.
    Derived fact.
    Mer_cov_isa_emerged_saudi_arabium

  29. Corona: Ahmed / Journal of infection and Public Health xxx (2019) xxx xxx Discussion Since the MerS-cov infection ?rst eMerged in saudi Arabia in 2012, there has been no literature reporting patient and healthsystem del factors that from the M (diagnosis d which is in range: 2 7 April 3, 201 similarly to delays in M [6].
    Mer cov infection rst isa emerged saudi arabium.
    Derived fact.
    Mer_cov_infection_rst_isa_emerged_saudi_arabium

  30. Corona: The cause of an ongoing epidemic of Middle East respiratory syndrome, MerS-cov was first identified in saudi Arabia in 2012 and to date has caused more than 2374 cases in 27 countries with a fatality rate >34% [3,4].
    Mer cov isa identified saudi arabium.
    Derived fact.
    Mer_cov_isa_identified_saudi_arabium

  31. Corona: Red indicates South Korea 2018 isolates, blue indicates South Korea 2015 isolates, and Green indicates saudi Arabia 2017 isolates.
    Green isa indicate saudi arabium 2018 isolate.
    Derived fact.
    Green_isa_saudi_arabium_2018_isolate

  32. Corona: J Transl Med (2019) 17:362 Conservation analyses of selected epitopes Sequence of MERS-COV S protein from 8 different countries isolates including saudi Arabia (alw82742.1), Abu Dhabi (ASU90340.1), Jordan (ASY99842.1), Qatar (AHX71946.1), South Korea (AKL59401.1), Thailand (ALD51904.1), United Kingdom (AJD81440.1) and United State (AHZ58501.1) were subjected to multiplesequence-alignment through CLC workbench to analyse the conservation of chosen epitopes.
    X8 different country isa isolate including saudi arabium alw82742 1.
    Derived fact.
    country_isa_isolate_including_saudi_arabium_alw82742

  33. Corona: In a phylogenetic analysis, the Virus was located in a lineage of locally endemic 2016 and 2017 saudi Arabia strains (lineage 5 in Figure 2) but was distinguished from 2015 South Korea strains.
    Virus isa located lineage locally endemic 2016 2017 saudi arabium.
    Derived fact.
    Virus_isa_located_lineage_locally_endemic_2016_2017_saudi_arabium

  34. Corona: The objective of this study was to estimate the burden of merS-cov over a 31 months-period following its ?rst identi?cation in 2012 including the Nation-wide merS-cov epidemic that occurred in saudi Arabia in 2014 up to January 2015. /10.1016/j.jiph.2019.11.016 2019 The Author(s).
    Nation wide mer cov epidemic isa occurred saudi arabium.
    Derived fact.
    Nation_wide_mer_cov_epidemic_isa_occurred_saudi_arabium

  35. Corona: ERS-CoV patients analyzed, 71.8% were male, 94% were om saudi Arabia, and 30.5% were directly exposed to median diagnostic delay was 5 days (interquartile [IQR]espiratory syndrome coronavirus patients and health days), median patient delay was 4 days (IQR range: 2 7 edian health-system delay was 2 days (IQR range: 1 2 de RR for various delays of MERS-CoV diagnosis is Table 2.
    X5 isa om saudi arabium.
    Derived fact.
    isa_saudi_arabium

  36. Corona: Management The understanding of CoV has evolved over time, from that of a simple virus causing flu-like symptoms in 1960, to its identification as a more serious virus causing SARS in 2002 to 2003, and finally to that of a severe threat that caused the MerS outbreak in saudi Arabia in 2012.7 To date, the main management strategy in MerSCoV is administration of antipyretics and analgesics, maintenance of hydration, and respiratory support via mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
    Mer isa outbreak saudi arabium.
    Derived fact.
    Mer_isa_outbreak_saudi_arabium

  37. Corona: Madani Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia francine ntoumi fondation congolaise pour la recherche M dicale, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo Richard Kock The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hawkshead lane, North Mymms, Hat?eld, Hertfordshire, UK Osman Dar Chatham House Centre on Global Health Security, Royal Institute of International Affairs, London, UK Giuseppe Ippolito lazzaro Spallanzani, National Institute for Infectious Diseases - IRCCS, Rome, Italy Timothy D. Mchugh Center for Clinical Microbiology, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, United Kingdom Ziad A.
    Saudi arabium francine ntoumi fondation congolaise isa pour la recherche dicale.
    Derived fact.
    Saudi_arabium_francine_ntoumi_fondation_congolaise_isa_pour_recherche_dicale

  38. Corona: However, the decision to discharge those patients could increase the risk of MERS-CoV transmission outside the hospital, particularly to those at higher risk, such as immunocompromised patients with diabetes and other Health conditions prevalent in saudi Arabia.34 This is concerning given that approximately 46% of the cases were exposed to a MERS case within the past 2 weeks prior to their admission.
    Health condition isa prevalent saudi arabium 34.
    Derived fact.
    Health_condition_isa_prevalent_saudi_arabium

  39. Corona: The virus spread to nearby countries in the Middle East including Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait, Tunisia, and Jordan.8 The outbreak also spread to Europe, North Africa, Southeast Asia, and the United States via infected travelers who had visited the Middle East.8 Many cases of infection and numerous deaths were reported among clinical health care providers who came into direct contact with infected patients in clinical settings.7 A Total of 1227 merS-cov cases were recorded in saudi Arabia from June 2012 to December 2015; of these, 728 patients recovered and 549 died owing to merScov infection.7 The World Health Organization (WHO) stated in September 2018 that merS-cov infection had been identified in about 27 countries, with 2260 confirmed cases and a Total 803 deaths.8 Hospitals that reported outbreaks were shut down as they were unable to accept any more patients.
    Total 1227 mer cov case isa recorded saudi arabium.
    Derived fact.
    Total_1227_mer_cov_case_isa_recorded_saudi_arabium

  40. Corona: Our findings in Table 2 and Fig. 2 show that most Cases are reported from saudi Arabia after about 7 years since the start of MERS-CoV pandemic (June 2012 to January 17, 2018).
    Case isa reported saudi arabium.
    Derived fact.
    Case_isa_reported_saudi_arabium

  41. Corona: In August 2018, eight laboratory-confirmed cases of merS-cov infection were reported in saudi Arabia, with 4 associated deaths; 1 case in a person who had travel history to the Arabian Peninsula was reported in the United Kingdom (4).
    X4 laboratori confirm case mer cov infection isa reported saudi arabium.
    Derived fact.
    laboratori_confirm_case_mer_cov_infection_isa_reported_saudi_arabium

  42. Corona: We characterized Exposures and demographics of merS cases reported to the saudi Arabia ministry of health during July 1 October 31, 2017, and June 1 September 16, 2018, and performed molecular characterization of available specimens to describe circulating viruses during these periods.
    Exposure demographic mer case isa reported saudi arabium ministry health.
    Derived fact.
    Exposure_demographic_mer_case_isa_reported_saudi_arabium_ministry_health

  43. Corona: Watson) DOI: https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2511.190726 We characterized Exposures and demographics of middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus cases reported to the saudi Arabia ministry of health during July 1 October 31, 2017, and June 1 September 16, 2018.
    Exposure demographic middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus isa reported saudi arabium ministry health.
    Derived fact.
    Exposure_demographic_middle_east_respiratory_syndrome_coronavirus_isa_reported_saudi_arabium_ministry_health

  44. Corona: The majority of cases (approximately 93.9%) with highest mortality (98.6%) as well as 100% of Female cases have been reported from saudi Arabia (table 2).
    Female case isa reported saudi arabium table.
    Derived fact.
    Female_case_isa_reported_saudi_arabium_table

  45. Corona: In fe ct io n an d Dr ug R es ist an ce d ow nl oa de d fro m h ttp s: //w ww .d ov ep re ss .c om / b y 5. 18 9. 20 4. 12 1 on 2 5De c20 19 Fo r p er so na l u se o nl y. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org) 1 / 1 progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute renal failure, multi-organ failure, and death.9,10 Moreover, the presence of comorbidities such as diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease frequently leads to secondary complications, such as disseminated intravascular coagulation and hyperkalemia.11,12 On the other end of the spectrum, healthy immune-competent patients are more likely to have asymptomatic or mild infections which could have gone undetected and unreported.6,13 The MERS-CoV is a positive-strand RNA virus, which through cross species transmission infects both humans and animals.14,15 The high propensity of MERS-CoV to cross species barriers is attributed to its ability to recombine and form new variants within the infected organism.16 This property of MERS-CoV, together with the lack of suf?cient knowledge of the pathways by which the virus is transmitted to humans, is a matter of grave concern among virologists, public health researchers, and health activists.2,16 Despite a signi?cant research effort in this area, the transmission of MERS-CoV is still puzzling many scientists and clinicians.17 One of the early hypotheses explaining the transmission of MERS-CoV from its natural host to humans raised the possibility that the virus may have originated in insectivorous bats.17 However, people do not commonly have contact with these species, particularly in the Arabian Peninsula where most cases have been reported.15,17,18 Conversely, human contacts with dromedary camels are commonplace in the Arabian Peninsula, especially in the regions with high reported incidence rates of MERS, suggesting that camels may be the source of human MERS-CoV infections.15,18,19 This possibility was supported by the detection of theMERSCoV in lymph nodes of camels in one of the slaughterhouses in Qatar; this ?nding suggested that MERS-CoV could be present in the camel meat.20 However, in an experiment involving infection of three camels with MERS-CoV, the virus was undetectable in their organs and the meat.21 Even if the camel meat is not associated with the transmission of the virus, almost two-thirds of the camels examined at a slaughterhouse in Qatar were shedding nasal excretion infected with MERS-CoV indicating the possibility of droplet transmission.20 In agreement with this ?nding, MERSCoV genomes were detected in nasal swabs collected from dromedaries in Oman, saudi Arabia, Pakistan, Kuwait, Egypt, Iran, and Israel con?rmed the presence of MERSCoV genomes.14 Several cases of infection in saudi Arabia and Qatar have been linked to drinking raw camel milk.4,14 Given the potential causal relationship between the consumption of camel-derived food products and MERS, and the fact that the virus can be easily destroyed by pasteurization,14 the World Health Organization (WHO) advised against the consumption of raw camel milk and uncooked camel meat.20,21 Additionally, the WHO strongly discouraged drinking camel urine, which also could represent a risk factor for MERS-CoV infection.22,23 Although camels were implicated as the source of MERS-CoV transmission, the majority of the MERS patients did not come into close contact with camels or other livestock animals.24 Conversely, the vast majority of MERS cases have been associated with health care settings,24 26 with a particularly high risk of contracting the infection in overcrowded emergency rooms.27 In fact, most of the reported MERS-CoV cases in saudi Arabia and South Korea were due to human-to-human transmission, which in most cases happened in the absence of adequate infection control measures in health care facilities.28,29 This mode of MERS-CoV transmission was con?rmed both epidemiologically and by genetic documentation of the viruses implicated in hospital and household MERS outbreaks.16 Therefore, the importance of using the appropriate contact and droplet precautions in health care facilities cannot be overestimated.30 According to the WHO, from April 2012 to June 2019, 2,449 laboratory-con?rmed cases ofMERSwere reported, of which 2,058 cases were in saudi Arabia resulting in a casefatality rate of 37.2%.31 The incidence of MERS continues to rise, with seven new cases reported in June 2019 alone from saudi Arabia.31 Overall, the majority of cases occurred in health care facilities, however, the routes of direct or indirect zoonotic transmission of MERS-CoV remain unknown.
    X18 case isa saudi arabium.
    Derived fact.
    X18_case_isa_saudi_arabium

  46. Corona: Chandrasekhar Nair, R. Hashmey Tawam hospital Introduction: MERS-CoV was ?rst identi?ed in 2012 and highest incidence was in saudi Arabia, followed by Republic of Korea and UAE.
    X2012 highest incidence isa saudi arabium.
    Derived fact.
    X2012_highest_incidence_isa_saudi_arabium

  47. Corona: Prevalence of MERS-CoV During the MERS-CoV outbreak, cases of MERS-CoV infection were reported in 27 countries, among which 12 were located in the Eastern Mediterranean region.11 Although this virus spread throughout the Middle East, most confirmed cases (n 1882) were in saudi Arabia with 729 deaths, comprising a fatality rate of 38.7%.11 Cases outside the Middle East most often occurred among travelers who had visited the region.
    X27 isa saudi arabium.
    Derived fact.
    X27_isa_saudi_arabium

  48. Corona: This Work was supported by the saudi Arabia ministry of health and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
    Work isa supported saudi arabium ministry health.
    Derived fact.
    Work_isa_supported_saudi_arabium_ministry_health

  49. Corona2: saudi arabia is a saudi
    Saudi arabium isa saudi.
    Derived fact

  50. Corona2: saudi arabia is a saudi arabia capital major city
    Saudi arabium isa saudi arabium capital major city.
    Derived fact

  51. Corona2: saudi arabia is a saudi arabian
    Saudi arabium isa saudi arabian.
    Derived fact

  52. Corona2: Saudi arabia is a Saudiarabian
    Saudi arabium isa saudiarabian.
    Derived fact

  53. Corona2: Saudi arabia is a large produce oil
    Saudi arabium isa large produce oil.
    Derived fact

  54. CommonKB: saudi is a saudi arabian
    Saudi isa saudi arabian.
    Derived fact

  55. CommonKB: saudi arabian is a saudi
    Saudi arabian isa saudi.
    Derived fact


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